March 19th, 2015
In the 9 th century the Vikings came from Norway and Denmark occupied the north-eastern lands of England. The Vikings also spoke a language belonging to one of the Germanic language group. In 954 he was murdered by King Eirik I nicknamed the Bloody Axe, the governor of York. Merged the English lands ruled by King Eldred. But finally England as a the state was settled a century later, when the governor Knut, who ruled more by Denmark and Norway.
While residents of England were talking in the Scandinavian dialects. And residents of the same in Scotland, especially in its remote areas spoke Norse dialects until the 17 th century. In 1066, England seized the Norman King William. From this time on the formation of the English language was to provide French language. Thus began the era of Middle English language, characterized by a great influence on English of various dialects of French: Norman, pikardiskogo, Paris and others. These traces are visible today. In English, there are many borrowed French words: regard – respect, guarantee-warranty, catch-catch, etc.
For three centuries, starting with 11 in the English literature on equal operated three languages: English, French and Latin. Having survived so called a dangerous age (since 1154), when such a state as England might cease to exist, in 1362 it was formed by the parliament. And at the same time, Chaucer? English writer has to create works for English. A period of early New England tongue. In this case, one could observe a paradox. After Chaucer in English literature has stagnated, and the language itself has changed rapidly: to change the words, the structure suggestions, etc. Early New England language is characterized by the fact that it becomes very important word order, which has never happened before. In England, began publishing and, accordingly, increased the number of people wishing to learn the language. English is gradually moving towards maturity. Developed in the state of science and art. In the English language has passed a lot of words from Latin: arithmetic, astronomy, comedy, index, memorandum, etc. Finally, the revival literature, and the center of the revival was London. Very quickly, the London dialect became the dominant dialect in the country. He talked not only in London but also in such well-known research and training centers as Cambridge and Oxford. Mid 17 th century? an era of mature English. In 1662 the London Royal Society committee was established by language, which is headed by Jonathan Swift (the same one who wrote). But, of course, at that time did Shakespeare. In 1755 Samuel Johnson wrote a dictionary of English. Since that time, drastically English language has not changed. It only new words that were introduced into his new centuries.